BMW X5 vs MDX

1. Introduction

There are five different trims available for the Acura MDX, which provides the buyer with options and a sense of variety. These trims range from the base model, to the entertainment package, to the technology package, to the Advance package, and finally the Advance package with entertainment. All of these trims come with a standard 3.5 liter V-6 engine, while the BMW X5 offers a number of different engines. The difference in available trims between the two vehicles is notable, as the X5 provides even greater variety with the choice between the 3.0 liter inline turbo 6 engine, a 3.5 liter V-6 engine, a V-8 engine, and a diesel engine. These available engines for the X5 may actually be a disadvantage, because the diesel engine is the only engine the X5 offers that gets gas mileage similar to the MDX. Gas mileage is an important factor to many SUV buyers, as it is typically one of the main reasons for purchasing a midsize SUV over a full size SUV. The MDX fuel economy is 20 city, 27 highway MPG, while the most fuel efficient gas powered engine for the X5 is the 3.5 V-6 at 18 city, 24 highway MPG. The diesel engine for the X5 offers 19 city, 26 highway MPG. This 1 MPG difference between the diesel X5 and regular MDX gas mileage may lead some customers to purchase an X5 over an MDX when in fact they would have preferred the MDX with most other factors considered. Understanding this point is a very important factor for potential X5 and MDX customers. Considered that gas mileage is an important aspect of purchasing a car, it is beneficial to know that the difference between MDX and X5 fuel cost for driving 15,000 miles per year is approximately $600, with the X5 diesel being the closest in gas mileage to the MDX. Knowing this information is pertinent to customers who are cost conscious and/or environmentally considerate. (Rubin et al., 2021)(Nicoletti et al.2021)

Both vehicles in the BMW X5 vs Acura MDX have undergone significant changes since their debut. Both SUVs have undergone several modifications to the way they look, feel, and drive. There are many reasons for picking either vehicle, as these two models are the top selling midsize European and Japanese luxury SUVs. In this essay, I will compare and contrast these two vehicles in terms of drivability, features, safety, and cost. By the end of this essay, the reader should have a better sense of which of these two vehicles are the right choice for them.

1.1. Overview of BMW X5 and MDX

In the case of the high-end SUV bracket, the BMW X5 and the Acura MDX are two very similar cars that are different in areas that may be seen as minute or trivial to someone who isn't a car enthusiast. The difference between the two cars could be equated to the difference between a $500 suit and a $1,000 suit. They perform the same function and look relatively the same to the untrained eye, but to the person making the purchase everything about the second suit is worth the extra money. For some people, this scenario is making a purchase on a luxury item is irrelevant, and therefore an Acura MDX would better suit their needs. Given the vague use of the term "luxury" in today's automotive market, the flexibility of a luxury car can range from subtle to very obtrusive, and it is up to the consumer to take the time and research exactly where the potential brand of luxury car falls on the scale of simply being an upgrade of a normal car to something that brings a great deal of comfort and class. A very generic comparison would be the difference between any car in Honda's lineup and any car in Acura's lineup, with the Acura always having some sort of advantage in being more of a luxury car over an upgraded version of its Honda counterpart.

Both the BMW X5 and the Acura MDX SUVs have been labeled as "luxury" vehicles. The term "luxury" has come to be an indication of practicality, spaciousness, and power in an SUV. This term has become a reference point when comparing midsize to large SUVs. The broad concept and generalizations of how this term can be applied leaves more than enough room for consumers to be disillusioned by what is being offered in cars of this type. This is precisely why consumers need to carefully and explicitly identify what it is that they want out of a "luxury" SUV. These needs can then be directly compared to the characteristics of the car.

1.2. Importance of Choosing the Right SUV

Another factor is making sure the SUV can accommodate all activities and requirements of the family. For a family that is heavily involved in outdoor activities such as camping, mountain biking and winter sports, the SUV must have on and off-road handling capabilities and ample cargo space. A luxurious crossover SUV may not be the best choice in this situation. In some cases it may be necessary to keep an old beater 4x4 truck for really rough trips and activities, but the primary family vehicle should be suitable for all conditions.

Because of this, it could be important to postpone the purchase if the children are not old enough to contribute to this decision. In some cases it would be easier to wait until the youngest child is at least 10 years of age. At this point the children are big enough where they will not require excessive space in order to enter and exit the vehicle, a major characteristic of a minivan. The most important reason for involving the children however, is that the use of the vehicle is for family transport and they will be spending the majority of their time in it. By including the children in the decision making process, they will be satisfied and proud of the purchase made by their parents. This will in turn make them feel more comfortable in the new vehicle.

In choosing the ideal SUV for you and your family, there are a number of factors that must be considered to ensure a final purchase that everyone is happy with. To make sure the vehicle supports the family's lifestyle, this crucial decision should involve participation from the entire family. If the buyer is the only person who voiced their opinion on this purchase, there is a fair chance that the rest of the family will not completely appreciate what has been bought. When this happens, the father will typically hear about it for the duration of his ownership; a duration which is bound to be extended as the family vehicle was a long-term investment.

2. Performance Comparison

Bmw and Acura almost always take different paths to get the same result. This rings true with their respective midsize luxury SUVs, the X5 and the MDX. The X5 has 4.4 liter (286 HP) V8, while the MDX has a 3.5 liter (260 HP) V6 sitting underneath their hoods. Coupled with their differences in weight, it's no surprise that the X5 is slower than the MDX. The X5's increased heft and marginal increase in power result in a 0-60 time of about 8.5 seconds versus the MDX's respectable 7.6 seconds. The MDX won't be a record setter with this time, but it is certainly quick for a vehicle in its class. Putting luxury and off road SUVs in the same sentence is almost sacrilegious as taking a Ford F-150 to a racing circuit. SUVs are heavy, top heavy, and have truck derived suspensions. While these points are detrimental to solving a Rubik's cube at the bottom of the Grand Canyon, they don't sacrifice the comfort and ride rating of an SUV. But as these vehicle fit a vague 'rugged luxury' niche, there are moves to make them more car like and sporty. Acura took huge strides to accomplish this with the MDX and it shows with their Super Handling All-Wheel Drive system and their new suspension design which is borrowed from the RL. The SH-AWD system is able to distribute power from front to back and from side to side on the rear axle, giving it more capability in varied conditions and more 'sport' when torque vectoring the inside or outside rear wheel. This results in a crisper turning feel and less understeer, enhancing the vehicle's overall handling and performance. With the suspension, MDX engineers used a Macpherson strut design on the front and a multi link design on the rear to decrease weight and increase independent wheel travel. Both are valved to match with the vehicle's weight and driving conditions to give a comfortable yet controlled ride and less body roll. This is furthered with the use of 18 inch wheels shod with all-season tires which come as standard equipment. Now that we have seen what Acura is doing on the this front, let's go back to BMW to put things into perspective and lay out what the X5 has to offer in terms of drivetrain and suspension. The X5 is one of the few BMWs that has the famed xDrive system as opposed to rear wheel drive. This system was offered on a variety of engines so it is a little hard to lay out specifics but essentially it sends more torque to the rear wheels under normal driving to maintain the traditional BMW feel, and it is able to send up to 100% of available torque to either front or rear wheels when it senses slip. This is likely a better system than the SH-AWD, but the MDX system's torque vectoring capabilities makes the argument a valid one. The X5 system can be had with optional self leveling rear air suspension and automatic damper control designed to provide a smooth ride over varying terrain, with good road and highway driving dynamics. This is an area where both vehicles have similar but different philosophies with similar but different results. In the end both the X5 and MDX are more capable in adverse weather conditions and mild off-road situations than their owners are willing to try. But, these features give drivers more confidence and add to the overall feeling of safety and security. The MDX has a slight edge in handling and dry weather performance. (Advantage: MDX) But both vehicles have come a long way from their original body-on-frame truck based designs and their current designs place a greater importance on-road performance. (Lu-Nguyen et al.2022)(Abdrabou, 2022)

2.1. Engine Power and Performance

Not all BMW engines are ahead of MDX. The turbo diesel leaves a lot to be desired, achieving only 286 horses. The pick of the bunch so far is the 4.8i engine, which delivers the final blow to MDX with 261 kW and a 7.4-second sprint to 100 km/hr. Hybrid engines are a completely different playing field between these two SUVs, with MDX taking the lead in performance. The X6 Hybrid is vastly underpowered compared to MDX's V6 petrol engine, with only 279 horsepower and a 0-60 time of 8.4 seconds, which is beaten by the MDX with the V6 making 320 horsepower and a 7.4-second sprint.

MDX does have the best results in terms of putting power to the tarmac, achieving a 0-60 mph time of 7.3 seconds. This is where BMW has an overall upper hand compared to MDX. The recently released 3.0-liter turbo diesel manages to sprint from 0-100 km/hr in 8.6 seconds, which is a great achievement for a 2.2-tonne vehicle.

BMW X5 offers a variety of engines with petrol, diesel, or hybrid options. In contrast, MDX only offers a 3.5-liter V6 engine. Though BMW offers more variety, MDX is still able to offer rivalry in terms of power and performance between these two rivals. BMW's basic inline 6s deliver 300 horsepower, while the 4.8is delivers 355 horses, although it is rather inefficient if speed is important.

2.2. Acceleration and Speed

The X5 is designed for those who understand what effective speed means and how it correlates to lots of torque. With the 4.4i's variable valve 282hp V8, the X5 can accelerate to 60 mph from a standstill in 7.5 seconds. But the comparison on paper doesn't do the vehicle justice, you must feel 4800 lbs moving with this much grace to truly understand. The 3.0i is not a slouch either, running neck and neck with some of the quicker SUVs we've tested at 8.3 seconds. With the X5, much of the glory is in the fine details. Once up to speed, the power can be maintained easily with very little stress from the engine, creating a satisfaction that is rarely delivered in other vehicles. In adverse weather or conditions, the X5's all-wheel drive system ensures maximum traction to prevent slippage. This essentially means that even in harsh weather, the X5 maintains a feeling of being 'planted' to the ground because nothing is robbing power from acceleration due to loss of grip. This sensation of stability even in slippery conditions is a definite advantage over conventional truck-based 4x4s and can only truly be appreciated once experienced. (Saraf)

2.3. Handling and Driving Experience

The handling and driving experience of BMW X5 is better than that of MDX. The MDX has very smooth handling, with more features that are required when driving on slippery roads. It is not as efficient for road handling as that of BMW X5. The MDX is an all-wheel drive whereas the BMW X5 is an intelligent AWD. With the BMW X5's variable-ratio steering improving in feel, and the standard adaptive dampers taking a nice set on the road, it's a more cohesive, inspired driving experience than with some of the package choices. BMW X5 maintains traction under demanding driving conditions. The BMW X5 has hill descent control feature which comes quite handy when driving down a steep hill. The MDX's super handling all-wheel drive is more efficient on dry surfaces rather than on slippery slopes. This makes the MDX a less efficient option compared to the X5 when the weather is less than ideal. Both these vehicles are quite capable of towing up to 5000 pounds. But it is the X5 that has a towing hitch prewiring and a maximum tow hitch of up to 6000 pounds. This ensures the user to have added confidence that his vehicle will not be damaged and that it is best suited to tow loads up to 6000 pounds. This is not the case with the MDX as it is said to be capable of towing 5000 pounds but no specific details are given about what is the maximum tow weight it can handle without any potential damage to the vehicle.

3. Features and Technology

Finally, the interior comfort and convenience for both vehicles compares as such. The X5 has a power tilt and telescoping steering wheel with memory, power and heated front seats with memory, and leatherette premium vinyl upholstery. The Acura MDX has a power tilt and telescoping steering wheel and a two-position memory. It has an 8-way power driver seat and a 4-way power passenger seat. The MDX also has available heated seats and leather upholstery. There are also plenty of packages you can add to upgrade to the luxury level. This would compare to the X5 but as standard packages, the X5 comes out ahead.

Next, let's talk about safety. Safety is always an importance when considering a vehicle. You are transporting your friends, family, and yourself. You want to be sure that everyone is safe in case of an accident. The X5 has stability and traction control, antilock brakes, automatic brake drying, front side airbags, full-length side curtain airbags, and the BMW Assist emergency telematics system. It also comes optional with a rearview camera, top view camera, and a sideview camera. The Acura MDX also has a long list of safety features. It has stability control, antilock brakes, front seat side airbags, full-length side curtain airbags, active front head restraints, and the AcuraLink system which includes automatic crash notification, remote unlocking, and stolen vehicle locator. It also has an available CMBS system which prepares the vehicle when an impact is imminent and moves the driver to take preventive action. This is a tough decision but again the X5 just seems to stand out with a longer list of safety features.

Now what good is a car nowadays without all the neat little gadgets and features? I am always a tech junkie so I love my toys. Both of these vehicles are packed with all the latest technologies. The BMW X5 comes standard with a 12-speaker sound system with a digital sound processor, MP3 capability, iPod adapter, prewiring for SIRIUS satellite radio. It also comes with the iDrive system that I love. It has a 6.5-inch screen in the dash that is the control center for the navigation system and the audio system. The iDrive system is like a mouse with a computer. You can maneuver through everything with ease. The Acura MDX, on the other hand, does not come standard with a navigation system or surround sound system. It does come with an 8-speaker system, MP3 jack, and a tri-zone automatic climate control system. To get a navigation system, you must purchase the technology package. In short, when it comes to the gadgets, the X5 is standard with more technology.

3.1. Infotainment Systems

Acura’s extensive package of safety and driver assistive technologies includes the first application of Acura’s Lane Keeping Assist System, which works in conjunction with Adaptive Cruise Control. A-Spec models and above get a 360-degree surround view camera system. Every MDX includes an intuitive user interface that is designed and engineered around the driver. The On-Demand Multi-Use Display is an innovative, personal driving experience that enables drivers and passengers to access and control features and customize the display at the touch of a button. The 7” On-Demand Touch Screen allows you to make easy and direct changes to climate control, audio, and vehicle features, and the system operates like a smartphone with a simplified and easy app-like shortcut to help guide you through the system. MDX models with navigation use the dual-screen interface that is the control center for all system and personalization features and puts it right at the driver’s fingertips. Navigation models have voice recognition technology and high-resolution for the upper 8” screen. All of these features are a great way for a driver to unabatedly integrate the use of a smartphone inside the MDX and keep their focus on the road.

That’s where the similarities end, though, as the X5 sets the pace in terms of technology across the board. The BMW comes loaded with the latest version of the firm’s iDrive infotainment system, activated via a 10.2-inch screen on the dashboard. It’s a big improvement over previous versions, with the menus and submenus now displayed in a clear tile format, and faster to respond to inputs. The rotary controller between the front seats is easier to use than the touchpad in other current BMWs, with shortcut buttons surrounding it to take you directly to key menu functions. There’s also a My Vehicle tile that’s a one-stop shop for car functions and settings. Further functionality comes via an app that allows the user to simulate the iDrive controller with a smartphone or tablet. Dual-zone climate settings and the optional third climate control zone can be accessed directly from the iDrive menu via the Clean Air function, and the system has the ability to detect high pollution levels and close the external air intake.

3.2. Safety Features

BMW X5 The BMW X5 also offers a number of safety features, including Active Driving Assistant with ACC Stop & Go, Active Blind Spot Detection, Lane Departure Warning, and Speed Limit Info. This is similar to the MDX's safety technology. The X5 has LED fog lights along with Automatic High Beams, ensuring enhanced visibility in all weather conditions. The X5 comes with BMW Assist eCall, which includes Emergency Request and Enhanced Automatic Collision Notification. If an accident occurs, the system will automatically transmit its location and vehicle information to the BMW Assist Response Center, allowing a response specialist to speak with the vehicle occupants and send emergency services. If necessary, the system can also deploy an Emergency Request immediately. The X5 offers an available Parking Assistant which can automatically parallel park the vehicle, and a Surround View with 3D View Camera, providing a 360 degree panorama view around the vehicle. An Active Protection System is able to detect accidents and prepare the vehicle by automatically closing windows and moon roof, tightening the safety belts, and activating post-crash braking. The X5 provides a similar set of airbags to the MDX.

Acura MDX The Acura MDX includes advanced safety systems. Acura's Collision Mitigation Braking System uses radar to determine the distance between the MDX and the vehicle directly ahead. If the system anticipates a collision with the vehicle ahead, it will alert the driver and prepare the brakes for full braking force. If a collision is unavoidable, the system will apply the brakes. The MDX also includes Road Departure Mitigation and a Lane Keeping Assist System, which both use similar technology to alert the driver if the MDX is about to leave a detected lane or the road, and apply the brakes in order to prevent leaving the lane or road. These systems act as a countermeasure for accidents in which the MDX would leave the road or hit a lane divider. The MDX also includes Adaptive Cruise Control with Low Speed Follow. This system maintains a set following interval selected by the driver, even if the vehicle detected ahead changes speed. If that vehicle slows to a stop, the ACC with LSF feature will also stop the MDX, and will resume with the set interval after the driver presses the gas pedal or the resume button on the steering wheel. The MDX also includes a Multi-View Rear Camera, allowing the driver to see a variety of angles, and a Blind Spot Information System which will alert the driver of vehicles detected behind in the adjacent lanes. The MDX comes with six airbags, including front side airbags and side curtain airbags in all outboard seating positions.

3.3. Interior Comfort and Convenience

MDX buyers with a bit more money to spend might consider adding the Entertainment or Advance packages. The Entertainment package adds a DVD rear entertainment system with a 9-inch motorized display, heated second-row seats, and a convenient 110-volt power outlet in the center console. The Advance package includes features from the Entertainment package, as well as ventilated front seats, an upgraded 16.2-inch rear entertainment system, and an expanded view driver-side mirror. All MDXs, including those with a package, come with a stowaway third-row seat which is easy to access and can be used with child seats. These little touches, like the ability to access the third row even when child seats are installed, show that great effort has been taken to make the MDX family-friendly. Buyers with older children might appreciate that the second-row seats can tilt and slide forward, allowing for easier entry and exit from the third row.

The MDX boasts a comfortable 3 rows of seating that can accommodate up to 7 passengers or fold flat into the floor to maximize cargo space. Coming standard, second-row passengers will enjoy heated seats and tri-zone climate control, a feature those in the third row might appreciate as well. A power tailgate and keyless start are also standard features, the latter allowing for a truly keyless experience by unlocking, starting, and shutting down the car without removing the key from your pocket or briefcase.

Substantial differences in interior space and features make both the MDX and X5 excellent choices in this category. Both vehicles have comfortable seating, generous space, and good cargo capability, but the features that make each standout will be discussed in the proceeding paragraphs.

4. Price and Value

The MDX is priced in the low $40,000 range for the base model and about $53,000 for a fully loaded Elite. By comparison, the X5 starts at around $48,000 for the base model 3.0i. A fully loaded X5 4.8is with options can cost as much as $70,000, ten grand more than the loaded MDX. So, in terms of the initial investment, the MDX is a better buy. The MDX has a better crash-test rating and a proven history of above average reliability. But for the status-conscious consumer who is concerned with aftermarket branding and badge prestige, the extra money spent for the X5 may be considered worthwhile. When buyers take into account the cost of having and maintaining the vehicle, the tides seem to turn in favor of the X5. Because most BMWs including the X5 are luxury performance vehicles, they qualify as a business expense and can be leased. Lease payments are based on the vehicle's depreciation in value over the lease period and the depreciation rate is determined by the residual, or the expected value of the vehicle at the end of the lease term. Because the X5 has consistently had very strong resale value, the monthly lease rates for a comparably equipped MDX cannot be much lower than the X5, sometimes the X5 can even be cheaper to lease. The MDX has a higher depreciation rate, so it is actually one of the more expensive luxury vehicles to lease. MDX buyers who choose to finance the vehicle can expect higher monthly payments compared to the X5. Finally, repair costs for the X5 are cheaper than those for the MDX because the X5 is a rear-wheel drive vehicle with cheaper and more plentiful parts. However, the cost of premium gasoline must be factored in for either vehicle and the X5 has a higher fuel consumption rate.

4.1. Pricing Comparison

Cost of ownership is also an important factor to consider when looking into purchasing a luxury vehicle. The X5 has a higher than average cost to own compared to the MDX. Fuel expenses are higher on the X5, with estimated annual fuel costs at $275 more than the MDX. This is because the X5 requires premium fuel while the MDX uses regular. The MDX is known for its low maintenance costs and is ranked 3rd in luxury midsized SUV cost of ownership. The X5 also has had high maintenance problems in the past, and with more modern technology comes the chance for increased maintenance problems and costs. An Ohio State University study comparing maintenance costs of Hondas and BMWs at the 75,000 mile mark showed BMWs to have total maintenance costs as much as 2.2 times greater than Hondas. (Figueroa-Garcia et al.2021)

The X5 is a more expensive vehicle, but the pricing on both vehicles has a similar range. The base model X5 starts at around $48,200, while the base MDX starts at $40,000. The disparities in price come when looking at the options available on both vehicles. When adding options to the base model X5, it is easy to get into the $60,000 range. One thing to consider is that the options come in packages on the X5, meaning certain features desired may only be available in a larger and more expensive package. The MDX does a better job of allowing buyers to buy specific features without taking on more options than desired. The MDX can be bought as a fully loaded model for around $55,000. The freedom of added options without them coming in package form is a plus. Another thing to consider is the fact that the X5 has been unchanged since 2007 and is soon to be redesigned, meaning any models prior to the redesign can be difficult to resell. The MDX retains its value better than the X5 and has a proven record of excellent resale value.

4.2. Resale Value and Cost of Ownership

Nowadays, no one wants to throw their money away on a new vehicle. Even the wealthiest buyers want a vehicle that will keep its value through the years, and won't cost a small fortune during their ownership experience. We took two similarly equipped vehicles (each priced at about $53,000) and did a little research to see how they would compare in long-term value. Time and again, the Acura MDX came out on top. Acura is well-known for building vehicles that seem to last forever. Just ask any Honda/Acura owner. The MDX, like all Acura vehicles, is known for holding its value. Over the past few years, Acura has outperformed BMW in resale values. Taking a look at the same year and mileage X5s and MDXs, the difference in price is astounding. Typically, an X5 nearing 60,000 miles will sell for $15,000-$20,000 less than a similar MDX. Concerning long-term durability and reliability, the MDX has proven itself as a solid choice. Moving on, let's talk about cost of ownership. With ownership comes repairs and maintenance. An often overlooked aspect of cost of ownership is relatively known as "Total Five-Year Cost to Own". This should not come as a surprise, as according to Kelley Blue Book, the MDX was rated the best luxury vehicle in this category. Total Five-Year Cost to Own is mainly based on how much the vehicle will depreciate during ownership, the fuel costs, insurance fees, and expected matters or repairs. The MDX scored 8.3/10 with a total cost of $56,264. The X5 scored 6.5/10 with a total cost of $67,505. These numbers are clear indicators of how both vehicles will treat your wallet during the long-term. The MDX being on the higher end, and the X5 on the lower end of these ratings. Simply put, there is roughly an $11,000 difference in how much these vehicles will cost to own over five years. In conclusion for these statistics, when considering the big picture, the MDX is the more frugal choice, and frugal is good when talking about luxury vehicle ownership.

4.3. Warranty and Maintenance

Warranty and maintenance details vary by the specific model, powertrain or type (i.e. all-wheel drive or 2WD), and by the original date of purchase. Acura offers a comprehensive 4-year/50,000 mile limited warranty and a 6-year/70,000 mile powertrain warranty on all 05 MDX models. In comparison, BMW offers a 4-year/50,000 mile warranty and a 4-year/50,000 mile powertrain warranty on its X5 3.0i model, falling short of Acura's warranty, and even shorter in coverage on the V8 X5 4.4i and 4.8is models which come with the same 4-year/50,000 mile warranty but only a 4-year/48,000 powertrain warranty. Also to be noted is the fact that both Acura and BMW warranties are shorter in duration and coverage in comparison to the Lexus RX330 which offers a 4-year/50,000 mile basic warranty and 6-year/70,000 mile powertrain warranty. Although warranty duration and coverage is less with the BMW X5, some buyers may find BMW's free full maintenance program which covers all factory recommended maintenance, including oil changes, wiper blade inserts, brake pads, brake rotors and engine belts, quite appealing. Once both the factory coverage and free maintenance programs for both vehicles have expired, owners will start paying out-of-pocket repair costs. For this, we need to consider predicted reliability ratings for both vehicles and this can be best evaluated by looking at past history. The MDX has been given a predicted reliability verdict of better than average while the X5 has been given a predicted reliability verdict of much worse than average according to Consumer Reports. Although it's quite possible for either vehicle to have no major problems, statistically speaking the X5 will cost more in maintenance and repair costs due to its past reliability history. Owners of vehicles past the warranty and maintenance-free period should take this into account when considering these two vehicles, as well as any luxury SUV.

References:

Rubin, J., Ballingall, K., & Brown, E., 2021. Electric, Hybrid and High Fuel Efficiency Vehicles: Cost-Effective and Equitable GHG Emission Reductions in Maine. umaine.edu

Nicoletti, L., Romano, A., König, A., Köhler, P., Heinrich, M. and Lienkamp, M., 2021. An estimation of the lightweight potential of battery electric vehicles. Energies, 14(15), p.4655. mdpi.com

Lu-Nguyen, N., Malerba, A. and Popplewell, L., 2022. Use of small animal models for duchenne and parameters to assess efficiency upon antisense treatment. In Antisense RNA Design, Delivery, and Analysis (pp. 301-313). New York, NY: Springer US. oapen.org

Abdrabou, A. M. M., 2022. Molecular Characterization of Clinical Clostridioides difficile Isolates Circulating in the German Healthcare System. uni-saarland.de

Saraf, P., . Dissipation of Stop and Go Waves via Control of Autonomous Vehicles. prathamesh-saraf.github.io. github.io

Figueroa-Garcia, E., Farias-Cervantes, V.S., Segura-Castruita, M., Andrade-Gonzalez, I., Montero-Cortés, M.I. and Chávez-Rodríguez, A.M., 2021. Using artificial neural networks in prediction of the drying process of foods that are rich in sugars. Revista Mexicana de Ingeniería Química, 20(1), pp.161-171. researchgate.net